Undertanding the Experience of Universities Flexible Learning in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case for Two Universities in the Philippines

The school system was greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need to assess the implementation of flexible learning in academic institutions. The study intends to describe the flexible learning as practiced in the highly urbanized University and the countryside University during the COVID-19 pandemic. This survey research aims to explore students' and faculty members' perceptions of the flexible learning modality implemented in the two institutions of higher learning. It also aims to discover the challenges, preferences, and support students and faculty need. Based on the results, learning becomes not workable given reasonable factors: strength of internet connectivity, quality of modules provided, the validity of the assessment, availability of learning devices such as smartphones, availability of budget for net data subscription, conduciveness of respective households for learning, et cetera. There should be standardized, normativized, and effective modules that are produced out of the intervention of various stakeholders. Requirements must be simple, reasonable, and workable given the students' time, resources, and capacity. Assessments should not be traditional and objective but should be authentic assessments. The digital divide should never be promoted directly or indirectly. The default system for all degree programs has to be the modules. The synchronous and/or asynchronous sessions should be made available to students but not mandatory;the University and teachers have to monitor every student's learning progress effectively. © 2022 IEEE.

Incisional Hernia with Loss of Domain as a Consequence of Botulinum Toxin a and the Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction: Abdominal wall surgery has been one of the major victims of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a large number of patients who have seen their surgery delayed and many are still waiting to be operated on today. On the other hand, botulinum toxin is one of the main protagonists in optimizing abdominal wall surgery, especially important in complex hernia, but we must not forget that it can have adverse effects. Case report: We present the case of a 54-year-old man with a history of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, chronic renal failure and kidney transplant in 2000, who presented a midline incisional hernia as a result of an epigastric hernia operated on in 2006 and subsequently two onlay permanent synthetic mesh in 2010 and 2015. In February 2020 he presented an incisional hernia M2-4W3R3 with a volume of 35%, botox was infiltrated as optimization for surgery and while awaiting placement of a pneumoperitoneum catheter, the surgery was suspended due to the COVID-19 situation. He returns to our clinics in 2022 with a growth of the hernia and a volume of 95%. Weight loss, botulinum toxin and preoperative pneumoperitoneum were indicated. We performed a reconstruction of the abdominal wall with bilateral transversus abdominal release and preperitoneal 45x60cm polyvinylidene fluoride mesh and abdominoplasty. Discussion(s): Botulinum toxin can facilitate abdominal surgery, especially in complex hernias, but we must not forget that blocking the abdominal muscles can have adverse effects. The COVID-19 pandemic has been especially hard on surgical waiting lists, delaying surgeries and aggravating pathologies.

Bradyarrhythmias in patients with SARS- CoV- 2 infection: Report of two cases

Several cardiovascular diseases and arrhythmogenic events have been associated with COVID-19 due to SARS-COV-2 infection, a topic of current global interest. Bradyarrhythmias are less frequent than other types of arrhythmia. We present a patient at 27 weeks of pregnancy, who on the fourth day of infection presented asymptomatic transient sinus pauses that did not require treatment ( sinus bradycardia of 41 beats per minute, pauses of two seconds and junctional escape rhythm). She was diagnosed as possible atrial myopathy with third degree sinoatrial block, sinus arrest or atrial quiescence, primary sinoatrial node dysfunction due to myocarditis ( edema and inflammation of the conduction system). She continued under follow-up, since after the infection was overcome arrhythmical events may recur. The second patient, 39 years old, presented bradyarrhythmia on the ninth day of infection, transient absence of P waves and junctional atrioventricular and idioventricular escape rhythms, as well as atrioventricular dissociation. No specific treatment was required.

Presence of rare potential pathogenic variants in subjects under 60 years old with very severe or fatal COVID-19

Background/Objectives: Genetic variants affecting host defense against pathogens may help explain COVID-19 fatal outcomes. Our aim was to identify rare genetic variants related to COVID-19 severity in a selected group of patients under 60 years who required intubation or resulting in death. Method(s): Forty-four very severe COVID-19 patients were selected from the Spanish STOP-Coronavirus cohort, which comprises more than 3,500 COVID-19 patients. Genotype was performed by whole exome sequencing and variants were selected by using a gene panel of 867 candidate genes (immune response, primary immunodeficiencies or coagulation, among other). Variants were filtered, priorized and their potential pathogenicity was assessed following ACGM criteria. Result(s): We detected 44 different variants of interest, in 29 different patients (66%). Some of these variants were previously described as pathogenic (26%). Mostly, the candidate variants were located in genes related to immune response (38%), congenital disorders of glycosylation (14%) or damaged DNA binding genes (9%). A network analysis, showed three main components, consisting of 25 highly interconnected genes related to immune response and two additional networks enriched in carbohydrate metabolism and in DNA metabolism and repair processes. Conclusion(s): The variants identified affect different, but interrelated, functional pathways such as immune response and glycosylation. Further studies are needed for confirming the ultimate role of the new candidate genes described in the present study on COVID-19 severity.

Development of a Web-Portal Health Information System for Barangay

In the Philippines, a barangay is the smallest administrative unit serving as suburban neighborhoods' first line of defense. According to Bautista, barangays conduct a manual file-based process of storing the community's health information. Therefore, the need for a single platform enables a small government unit to manage its resources while being transparent to its community. The study aims to develop a web- based barangay health information system portal for Barangay 69 District 1 in Tondo Manila. The system would be a reference tool for barangays as their platform provides inventory management, the barangay's health programs, and a dashboard for data visualization inventory management, tracking of Covid cases, administration of health activities, and a dashboard for data visualization. As a result, the web portal is functional, and different test scenarios show above-average results. The study concludes that the system provided a platform for the barangay and its residents. It also concludes that it is user-friendly and efficiently disseminates the barangay's health programs and activities. © 2023 IEEE.

Analisis Del Impacto Del Covid-19 En Pacientes Con Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal Empleando Inteligencia Artificial (Savana Manager)

Introduccion: Estudiamos el impacto del COVID-19 en pacientes con Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal (EII) en Castilla-La Mancha. Metodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo utilizando inteligencia artificial con capacidad de procesamiento de lenguaje natural, SAVANA manager. Esta herramienta, a pesar de sus sesgos (ej: duplicacion de casos), permite analizar grandes poblaciones. Analizamos datos de 1.808.010 pacientes durante 2020. Resultados: Se identificaron 2.243 pacientes con EII y COVID-19, que en comparacion con los casos de COVID-19 sin EII hubo mas hipertension arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipemia, obesidad o tabaquismo. A pesar de ello, no se apreciaron diferencias en hospitalizacion (0,8607, 0,7320-1,0121, p = 0,0696), ingreso en UCI (0,4113, 0,1025-1,6508, p = 0,2102) o mortalidad (0,9099, 0,6123-1,3521, p = 0,6402). COVID-19 fue mas frecuente en pacientes con EII (3,6413, 3,4616-3,8303, p < 0,0001). Comparando pacientes con EII y COVID-19 segun sus tratamientos, vedolizumab es el unico con mayor riesgo de COVID-19 (0,3091, 0,0967-0,9886, p = 0,0478), sin embargo, el riesgo de hospitalizacion para vedolizumab es menor (0,3091, 0,0967-0,9886, p = 0,0478). Los inmunomoduladores tambien tienen un menor riesgo de hospitalizacion tanto solos (0,6677, 0,4650-0,9588, p = 0,0287) como combinados con anti-TNF (0,5109, 0,2836-0,9205, p = 0,0254). No se encontraron diferencias para monoterapia anti-TNF, ustekinumab o tofacitinib. La tasa de UCI y la mortalidad no son diferentes entre los tratamientos, salvo para tofacitinib (tasa de UCI 0,00%, mortalidad 10,00%), sin embargo, el pequeno numero de pacientes podrian sesgar este resultado. [Table presented] Conclusiones: COVID-19 en pacientes con EII no es diferente en hospitalizacion, ingreso en UCI o mortalidad en comparacion con la poblacion sin Ell. Los pacientes con Ell expuestos a inmunomoduladores y vedolizumab tienen menor riesgo de hospitalizacion que los no expuestos, no se encontraron diferencias para anti-TNF monoterapia o ustekinumab.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. Todos los derechos reservados.

The impact of COVID-19 on patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A population-based study using artificial intelligence

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a pandemic that is still very prevalent. Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) represent a special population considering their already altered immune system and their exposure to several immunosuppressive therapies. We pretend to study the impact of COVID-19 on IBD patients in our community, Castilla-La Mancha (a region in central Spain). Method(s): Retrospective observational study using an artificial intelligence with natural language processing capability, the SAVANA manager, we analyzed data from 1 808 010 patients with Electronic Medical Records (EMR) within the public health system of Castilla-La Mancha from March 1st 2020 to January 1st 2021. Data on demographic characteristics, hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality were collected. We compared COVID outcomes between IBD and non-IBD patients. We compared COVID outcomes in IBD patients according to their treatment (comparing each treatment group to those IBD patients with no treatment);we considered: Immunomodulators (azathioprine, mercaptopurine, methotrexate), antiTNF alone or combined with immunomodulator, vedolizumab, ustekinumab and tofacitinib;mesalazine and corticosteroids were not analyzed. Result(s): 2 243 patients with IBD suffered COVID-19, compared to COVID-19 cases without IBD there were less females, they suffered more arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, or tabacco use (TABLE 1). And yet, despite these being proven risk factors for worse outcomes for COVID-19, no differences were appreciated in hospitalization rate, ICU admission, or mortality between those with or without IBD (TABLE 2). COVID-19 was more frequent in IBD patients (32.59 vs 13.28%). Comparing IBD patients with COVID-19 according to their treatments (TABLE 3), vedolizumab is the only treatment with a higher risk for COVID-19 infection, however the hospitalization risk for vedolizumab is lower than for those without it. Immunomodulators do also have a lower hospitalization risk both alone or in combination with antiTNF, no differences were found for antiTNF monotherapy, ustekinumab or tofacitinib. ICU rate and mortality are no different between treatments, except for tofacitinib (0.00% ICU rate, 10.00% mortality), however the small number of patients using this treatment may bias this result. Conclusion(s): COVID-19 in IBD patients is no different in hospitalization, ICU admission or mortality compared to non-IBD population. IBD patients exposed to immunomodulators and vedolizumab have less hospitalization risk than those not exposed, no differences were found for antiTNF alone or ustekinumab. The impact of tofacitinib in COVID outcomes requires further investigation.

Evolution of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma diagnosis during the last decade

Background: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has historically been an important diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The multidisciplinary approach and new diagnostic techniques' implementation have modified this process. Method(s): We conducted a retrospective analysis based on clinical data of patients with PDAC between the years 2010 to 2021, analyzing the diagnosis and initial treatment evolution. Result(s): 673 patients between 2010-2021 with a suspected diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma were reviewed. Most of them were metastatic (n=362;53.8%), followed by locally advanced unresectable (n=166;24.7%) and resectable or borderline resectable (n=145;21.5%). Regarding the pathological diagnosis, it was not possible in 62 patients (9.2%), varying over time from 21.2%in 2010-2012 to 1% in 2019-2021 (p<0,0001). Moreover, the number of biopsies has decreased with a mean number of biopsies to obtain a pathological diagnosis of 1.55 (2010-2012) vs 1.31 (2019-2021). During this last period, most of the diagnoses were made by cytological analysis (61.4%;n=121). Specifically in the 2019-2021 patients subgroup, we found that 18 NGS (9,1%) were performed in this period (solid tumor), with 4 patients having actionable mutations (22.2%;3 KRAS G12C). Germline (g) mutational panels were carried out in 89 patients, finding only 9 positive cases (10.1%), being 3 of them gBRCA1/2 mutated (3,4%). In our study, a decrease in palliative management was evidenced over time. In 2010-2012, 28,8% of patients received exclusively palliative care against 9,6% in 2019-21 (p, 0.0001). An increase in PDAC diagnosis was observed since 2010, 44 patients/year in 2010-12 vs. 66 patients/year in 2019-21 (including COVID-19 pandemic period). All previous results are summarized. Conclusion(s): The diagnosis of PDAC has changed throughout the last decade, increasing the percentage of patients with a pathological diagnosis without increasing the number of invasive procedures. The number of patients suitable for anti-cancer therapy has also increased among time. In our cohort, the implementation of molecular testing would change the therapeutic approach in more than 20% of patients.

[COVID-19 epidemiology in health and social health workers in the health area of A Coruña and Cee]. / Epidemiología de la COVID-19 entre el personal de centros sanitarios y sociosanitarios del área sanitaria de A Coruña y Cee.

OBJECTIVE: Since the beginning of the pandemic, it has become necessary to know the epidemiological evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this study aims to describe the characteristics of the casuistry of COVID-19 in health and social-health workers in the health area of A Coruña and Cee during the first epidemic wave, as well as to determine the association between the clinical profile and/or its duration and the condition of RT-PCR repositivization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the study period, 210 cases belonging to healthcare and social-healthcare workers from the healthcare area of A Coruña and Cee were diagnosed. A descriptive analysis of sociodemographic factors was carried out, as well as the search for association between the clinical picture and the duration of detection of a positive RT-PCR. RESULTS: The most affected categories were nursing (33.3%) and nursing assistants (16.2%). The mean time taken for cases to become RT-PCR negative was 18.3±9.1 days, with a median of 17. It was observed that 26 cases (13.8%) had a positive result in a subsequent RT-PCR, without meeting criteria for reinfection. The existence of skin manifestations and arthralgias was associated with repositivization after adjusting for age and sex (OR=4.6 and OR=6.5, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In healthcare professionals diagnosed with COVID-19 during the first wave, symptoms such as dyspnea, skin manifestations and arthralgias led to RT-PCR repositivization after a previous negative result and without meeting criteria for reinfection.

Overview of Rest-Mex at IberLEF 2022: Recommendation System, Sentiment Analysis and Covid Semaphore Prediction for Mexican Tourist Texts

This paper presents the framework and results from the Rest-Mex task at IberLEF 2022. This task considered three tracks: Recommendation System, Sentiment Analysis and Covid Semaphore Prediction, using texts from Mexican touristic places. The Recommendation System task consists in predicting the degree of satisfaction that a tourist may have when recommending a destination of Nayarit, Mexico, based on places visited by the tourists and their opinions. On the other hand, the Sentiment Analysis task predicts the polarity of an opinion issued and the attraction by a tourist who traveled to the most representative places in Mexico. We have built corpora for both tasks considering Spanish opinions from the TripAdvisor website. As a novelty, the Covid Semaphore Prediction task aims to predict the color of the Mexican Semaphore for each state, according to the Covid news in the state, using data from the Mexican Ministry of Health. This paper compares and discusses the participants' results for all three tacks.

Micro-Enterprises in Rio Negro Parish, Banos Canton: Economic Affectation by the Covid-19 Pandemic

When we talk about microenterprises, we automatically relate it with sources of employment, and it is really so, but what happened to these small microenterprises when the unexpected pandemic, better known as COVID-19, appeared, it imme-diately generated a high impact, because it brought with it illnesses, deaths, but above all it paralyzed all economic activities in microenterprises. The research was conducted in the Rio Negro parish, Banos de Agua Santa canton, to analyze the economic impact of Covid-19 on microenterprises. A questionnaire adapted from the survey: impact of Covid-19 on enter-prises, developed by the International Trade Center of the World Trade Organization, was applied to a sample of 109 micro -entrepreneurs. The validity of the results is evaluated through Pearson's Chi-Square correlating the variables. It is confirmed that there is an economic impact on micro-enterprises in Rio Negro during the pandemic. The study demonstrates the need to shape public policies to address the conditions of microenterprises in the midst of the pandemic.

Role predictif des marqueurs de l'activation des neutrophiles dans les complications respiratoires residuelles des pneumonies a SARS-CoV-2

Declaration de liens d'interets: Les auteurs declarent ne pas avoir de liens d'interets. Copyright © 2022

LINYA: Name Entity Recognition Web-based Text Annotation

The world was put in disarray when the novel coronavirus first began. Furthermore, when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC), people prepared safety protocols to minimize the effect of the virus. One of these is the implementation of e-learning in countries, including the Philippines. As this contactless learning began, students' motivation decreased due to a lack of private space/classroom and face-to-face communication with their teachers. Learners' motivation is as crucial as this influences their pace to learn. The researchers developed a tool to help students with their studies and motivate them. LINYA is a web-based text annotation tool in machine learning. The tool was developed using an NLP method in machine learning. The researchers used automated Agile testing with four phases in testing the web tool. It began with component testing and progressed to integration, system, and acceptance testing. Based on the results from simulated data, the tests showed favorable results, with mean scores ranging from 3.8 to 4.6, for all areas of a usability test. It further shows that the developed system is ready for implementation. © 2022 IEEE.

Changes in psychiatric emergencies during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in El Bierzo (Spain)

Introduction: The interest have focused in the effects of COVID-19 in mental symptoms. However, the pandemic and restrictions such as the lockdown decreed in Spain limited access to resources and lead to a change in assistance organization. Objective(s): to compare the incidence and characteristics of psychiatric emergencies during the Spanish 2020 Lockdown with the same period in 2019 Methods: All the emergencies attended the the emergency room (Hospital El Bierzo) From 01/02/2019 to 30/06/2019 and those from 01/02/2020 to 30/06/2020 were analysed by two senior psychiatrists. Cases were selected if attended by any psychiatric reason. The cases were evalueated identifying ICD-10 diagnosis (according to clinical records and best criteria matching), sociodemographics, factors associated to the emergency and resolution. Result(s): 23360 cases were attended in 2019 (799 psychiatric), 14907 (578) in 2020. That means a 36.19% of reduction in general emergencies and 27.66% in psychiatric emergencies (psychiatric emergencies proportion increased form 3.42% to 4.03%). The reduction started the week just before the lockdown declaration, minimal records coincided with the highest COVID-19 incidence and the recovery starts in early june for psychiatric and late June for general emergencies (figure 1). A decrease of 62.79% of anxiety cases and 45.9% of depresion was observed with no incresaes in any diagnosis. A slight increase in suicide attempts (two cases) was observed. Conclusion(s): The lockdown seem to decrease psychiatric emergency care. Only suicidability was maintained/increased during the period. Psychiatry services must be aware of the risk of unattended inicidence that may cause an increase of cases after the lockdown. (Figure Presented).

Morphological alterations of the bone marrow in patients with COVID-19. Systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Despite the fact that hematological alterations at the peripheral level are widely known, little is known about the alterations caused by COVID-19 at the bone marrow level. Objective: To determine the morphological alterations of the bone marrow caused by COVID-19. Material and methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Observational studies and reports and case series were included and editorials, reviews, letters to the editor were excluded. A search was performed in Pubmed, ScienceDirect and Scielo. The risk of bias was assessed using the NewCatell-Ottawa and Hassan Murad scales for case reports and series. The outcomes were the morphological parameters of the bone marrow. For the quantitative synthesis of the information, a proportion meta-analysis was performed using random effects in RStudio. Results: Hypercellularity occurred in 65% (95% CI: 51%-78%), maturation arrest of the myeloid series occurred in 57% (95% CI: 29%-83%). and the alteration of the M/E ratio occurred in 60% (95% CI: 46%-74%). Conclusion: The most frequent morphological alterations in the bone marrow were hypercellularity, arrest in myeloid maturation and alteration of the M/E ratio in patients with COVID-19. © 2022 Publicado por Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo.

Alterations in the coagulation profile and mortality due to covid-19 during the first and second wave in peruvians: A retrospective cohort in a national reference center

Background: Changes in the coagulation profile have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. It is relevant to evaluate the changes in the coagulation profile and its impact on mortality from COVID-19 during the first and second waves in Peru. Aim(s): To evaluate the alterations and impact of the coagulation profile on mortality from COVID-19 during the first and second waves in Peruvians. Method(s): Retrospective cohort carried out at the "Dos de Mayo" National Hospital, Lima-Peru during the years 2020 and 2021. Peruvians over 18 years of age were included, excluding those with congenital hemostasis disorders, pneumonia caused by other agents and chronic users of anticoagulants. SARS-COV2 pneumonia was defined as infiltrate in lung TEM + positive RT-PCR. Alterations in coagulation parameters were determined by prolonged prothrombin time (PT>14s) and/or prolonged activated thromboplastin time (APTT>35s) and/or fibrinogen < 200 mg/dl and/or fibrinogen >400 mg/dl. dl. The sample was consecutive, reaching a sample of 300 patients from the first and 300 from the second wave. Data was collected and entered into a database and sent for analysis after quality control. Were presented summary measures for the qualitative and quantitative variables. A logistic regression equation was modeled to estimate the adjusted OR of the different coagulation parameters altered. The data were processed RStudio version 1.3.1093. Result(s): A total of 600 patients were included. Male was the most frequent sex during the two periods. Figure 1 shows the baseline characteristics. Fibrinogen < 200 mg/dl during the first wave was associated with a lower risk of death (OR: 0.07;95%-CI: 0.01, 0.90). Table 2 shows the results of the multivariate analysis. Conclusion(s): Apparently the changes in the coagulation profile caused by COVID-19 in Peruvians during the first and second waves were not associated with higher mortality. Low fibrinogen seemed to offer protection during the first wave. (Table Presented).

EPPOC (Ecrans en Pedopsychiatrie en Occitanie au temps du COVID): A survey in July 2020 of screen use by children of child psychiatry services in Occitania before and during French lockdown (March 17-May 11): Parent answers

(French) Introduction: L'enquete EPPOC (enquete flash en juillet 2020 dans les services ambulatoires et hospitaliers de pedopsychiatrie de secteur d'Occitanie) a permis de documenter la vision des parents et des adolescents sur les habitudes d'utilisation des ecrans et l'impact du premier confinement (mars a mai 2020) sur ces habitudes en population pedopsychiatrique. A notre connaissance, il n'existe pas de telle etude. Resultats: 106 parents ont repondu pour leur enfant (3 a 18 ans, moyenne 11,2 ans). Leurs reponses ont ete segmentees en 3 groupes d'ages (45,3 % en maternelle-primaire, 30,2 % au college, et 24,5 % au lycee). Les enfants utilisent surtout la television (93,8 %) et le telephone portable (81,3 %). Le tiers des enfants utilise leurs ecrans plus de 4 h par jour le week-end, 11,7 % en semaine : cette derniere proportion augmente a 48,6 % pendant le confinement. Le tiers des enfants ont au moins un type d'ecran dans leur chambre : cette donnee est liee a une augmentation du temps d'utilisation des ecrans, notamment le week-end. Les lyceens passent la plupart du temps sur les videos (91,3 %), les reseaux sociaux (82,6 %) et l'ecoute usicale (73,9 %). Les plus petits jouent essentiellement (72,5 %) et regardent des videos (70,7 %). L'utilisation des ecrans pose probleme a 37,3 % des parents avant confinement ;ces derniers limitent surtout l'utilisation des ecrans pour les plus petits, ce qui semble avoir des consequences positives sur la diminution du temps passe par l'enfant sur l'ecran. Conclusion: Dans cette etude, la population pedopsychiatrique de nos services de soins ne montre pas un profil different d'utilisation des ecrans que la population generale dans la perception parentale. Les elements principaux aggravant le temps passe sur les ecrans dans notre etude sont le fait d'avoir un ecran dans sa chambre, l'absence de limitation du temps passe sur les ecrans par les parents, et le confinement a domicile. Cependant, il convient de redefinir l'usage << intensif des ecrans dans la plupart des etudes, d'une part en fonction de la tranche d'age, d'autre part en fonction du type d'utilisation au sens large (type des ecrans, type d'activite, activite partagee ou non etc.), du retentissement sur la vie quotidienne de l'usager et du degre d'addiction. Le nombre d'heures etudie seul est un parametre insuffisant pour caracteriser la consommation d'ecrans et son eventuel caractere inquietant ;il faut l'enrichir de la notion des moments d'utilisation dans la journee et du type de pratique ainsi que d'un score de dependance qui aidera a determiner le degre de retentissement au quotidien et d'envahissement psychique des ecrans. De plus, la diffusion de ces parametres d'etude permettrait au clinicien d'avoir une trame utile d'echanges avec le patient en consultation quotidienne. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Características epidemiológicas de las reinfecciones por COVID-19 en los trabajadores sanitarios

La vacunación frente al SARS-CoV-2 es una de las herramientas más importantes de control de su propagación. Aunque no impide la transmisión, evita formas graves de enfermedad y sirve para disminuir tanto infecciones como reinfecciones por COVID-19. Objetivos: Describir los casos de reinfección por SARS-CoV-2 entre trabajadores sanitarios de un área de salud y sus factores asociados. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo realizado entre enero de 2021 y junio de 2022. Se incluyen todos los trabajadores sanitarios con el antecedente de infección y reinfección por SARS-CoV-2 registrado en la historia clínica por prueba microbiológica positiva. Se analizan los datos relacionados con los factores intrínsecos, de la infección y la vacunación. Resultados: Se registraron 374 reinfecciones (8,7% del total de positivos). La edad media fue de 44,7 años;DE 11,6 (P50 = 43);mayoritariamente eran mujeres: 86,0% (n = 327). 98,1% del total había recibido al menos 1 dosis de vacuna (vacunación completa), administrándose ARNm (Pfizer/Moderna) al 98,6% en la primera dosis y al 99,5% en la segunda. En el 98,4% de los casos la persona había pasado la enfermedad en 2 ocasiones, mientras solo 1,6% (6) la padecieron una tercera vez. El 93,9% (n = 351) fueron reinfecciones que se dieron entre enero-junio 2022. La media de días desde la administración de la primera dosis de vacuna y diagnóstico de reinfección fue de 404 días. Conclusiones: La mayoría de trabajadores reinfectados (98,4%) pasaron la enfermedad en 2 ocasiones, enfermando unos 400 días de media después de la primera dosis. No disponemos de la secuenciación de los virus de la población del estudio para confirmar que dichas reinfecciones se hayan producido por distintas variantes del virus. La inmunización de la población a través de la vacunación constituyó la medida más eficaz para el control de la propagación del virus durante la pandemia, así como de las reinfecciones.